{"id":1024,"date":"2013-11-15T20:49:09","date_gmt":"2013-11-15T20:49:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/?p=1024"},"modified":"2013-11-15T20:49:09","modified_gmt":"2013-11-15T20:49:09","slug":"paraphilias-to-paraphilic-disorders-changes-in-the-dsm-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/2013\/11\/15\/paraphilias-to-paraphilic-disorders-changes-in-the-dsm-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Paraphilias to Paraphilic Disorders: Changes in the DSM-5"},"content":{"rendered":"

This post is part of a series of guest posts on GPS by the graduate students in my\u00a0Psychopathology<\/a>\u00a0course. As part of their work for the course, each student had to demonstrate mastery of the skill of “Educating the Public about Mental Health.” To that end, each student has to prepare three 1,000ish word posts on a particular class of mental disorders, with one of those focusing on changes made from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.<\/em><\/p>\n

______________________________________________<\/p>\n

Paraphilias to Paraphilic Disorders: Changes in the DSM-5 by Derrick Meyers
\n<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th<\/sup> edition (DSM-5) was released in May of 2013.\u00a0 The DSM-5 release brings numerous changes to several categories of mental disorders<\/a>.\u00a0 The task at hand is to determine what is different from the DSM-IV-TR and what is the same for the paraphilic disorders.\u00a0 Overall, the paraphilic disorders did not get a major overhaul, but there are some subtle changes.\u00a0 The three major category changes in the DSM-5 are a) the distinction between paraphilias and paraphilic disorders and slight changes to the criteria, b) addition of new specifiers, and c) some wording changes.<\/p>\n

The DSM-5 keeps the basic diagnostic criteria and structure from the DSM-IV-TR.\u00a0 A diagnosis requires two general criteria for the seven major disorders (those being voyeuristic, exhibitionistic, frotteuristic, sexual masochism, sexual sadism, pedophilic, and fetishistic disorders) both criterion must be met for diagnosis.\u00a0 The first criterion (criterion A) is that over a period of at least six months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors are experienced.\u00a0 The second criteria (criterion B) consists of\u00a0 an individual acting on those sexual urges with a non-consenting person, or that the sexual urges or fantasies cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.\u00a0 The two main themes are that the person experiences an intense sexual arousing fantasies, urges, etc., and that the person experiences distress due to this.\u00a0 This is an improvement over the DSM-IV-TR in that it requires additional criteria to be diagnosed aside from just Criterion A.\u00a0 This brings us the distinction made between paraphilias and paraphilic disorders.\u00a0 If you only meet criterion A then you may have a paraphilia, but that’s no longer considered a “disorder.” But, if your paraphilia causes distress then it could be appropriate to be diagnosed with a disorder.\u00a0 This is a major improvement to the old DSM criteria, in the fact that those with unusual or uncommon sexual interests \/ urges aren\u2019t unfairly diagnosed and labeled.<\/p>\n

The DSM-5 also added two new general specifiers:\u00a0 “in a controlled environment” and “in full remission.”\u00a0 In a controlled environment refers to an individual who is currently in a mental institution or prison.\u00a0 In full remission refers to people who have not experienced distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of function, for at least five years in a normal environment.\u00a0 These seem to have been added to help clear up diagnosis and help to specify level of potential concern about a person’s symptomology. There is not, however, a clear and unanimous opinion if a paraphilic disorder can remit since most are chronic, even with treatment.<\/p>\n

Next, several specific changes were made to individual disorders. A note was added to the diagnostic criteria for pedophilic disorder. that states, \u201cDo not include an individual in late adolescence involved in an ongoing sexual relationship with a 12 or 13 year old.\u201d\u00a0 This is probably a good addition because it may eliminate unnecessary and potentially damaging diagnoses, and prevents someone from receive a severe stigma.\u00a0 A note for voyeuristic disorder was added removing people who are under 18, and the specifier that the person has to be heterosexual to meet criteria for transvestic disorder has been removed.\u00a0 These are both positive additions and may clear up any confusion.<\/p>\n

Finally, most of the name changes have been to the names of the disorders, and for the most part the DSM-V swapped out the suffix “-ilia” for “-illic,” and “-ism” for “-istic.” Specifically, paraphilia disorders were renamed as paraphillic disorders, frotterurism was renamed as frotteuristic disorder, fetishism was renamed as fetishistic disorder, voyeurism has been renamed as voyeuristic disorder, exhibitionism was renamed as exhibitionistic disorder, transvestic fetishism has been renamed as transvestic disorder, and pedophilia has been changed to pedophilic disorder.<\/p>\n

The new DSM-5 was released only a few short months ago, and brought about several changes to paraphillic disorders.\u00a0 The distinction between a paraphilia and a paraphillic distinction has been made.\u00a0 Two general specifiers were added, and a note for voyeurism and transvestic fetishism was added.\u00a0 The names of the disorders also got a slight overhaul. Overall, these changes seem to have well-based on research and clinical opinion, and should prove useful for the psychological community.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In which one of my students discusses the changes in the paraphilic disorders in the newest edition of the DSM.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,17,12],"tags":[276,81,274,273,355,354],"class_list":["post-1024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mental-health","category-outreach-2","category-psychology","tag-changes","tag-dsm","tag-dsm-5","tag-dsm-iv","tag-paraphilic-disorders","tag-paraphillia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/gps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}