{"id":3814,"date":"2016-03-20T18:46:42","date_gmt":"2016-03-20T23:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/?p=3814"},"modified":"2016-03-20T18:46:42","modified_gmt":"2016-03-20T23:46:42","slug":"clarifying-free-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/2016\/03\/20\/clarifying-free-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"Narrow and Broad Conceptions of Free Speech"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Last night, former SINner Russell Blackford had a poke at Western society for failing to coalesce\u00a0around a unifying concept of free speech.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/twitter.com\/Metamagician\/status\/711352198483955712<\/p>\n<p>Part of the problem here may be\u00a0that there are at least two distinct and divergent notions of what free speech is and\u00a0why it is to be valued, one much broader than the other. The\u00a0view we take will have\u00a0ripple effects throughout all discussions about\u00a0speech and how we treat\u00a0those with whom we disagree.<\/p>\n<h4>The Narrow View<\/h4>\n<p>The narrow conception of free speech is popular among social justice activists; in their view <em>only the government<\/em> is capable of interference with free speech.<\/p>\n<p>For a\u00a0timely\u00a0example,\u00a0consider\u00a0this conceptualization of free speech\u00a0from one of the <a href=\"http:\/\/freethoughtblogs.com\/bianymeans\/\" target=\"_blank\">newly onboarded authors<\/a>\u00a0at Freethought Blogs [emphasis mine]:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8230;<em>free speech means the government can\u2019t prosecute you for things that you say<\/em>. It does not mean people can\u2019t be pissed off about something you say, or that a corporation can\u2019t refuse to do business with you because you\u2019re prone to saying bigoted shit. It just means the government can\u2019t censor you or punish you.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>https:\/\/twitter.com\/FeedAtheism\/status\/710912449873108993<\/p>\n<p>Along the same lines, we have this concise definition from <a href=\"http:\/\/the-orbit.net\/teacosy\/2015\/10\/30\/germaine-the-market-has-spoken-we-dont-want-what-youre-selling\/#more-4793\" target=\"_blank\">Aoife O&#8217;Riordan<\/a> of The Orbit:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Freedom of speech is this: you won\u2019t be arrested for expressing your opinion. That\u2019s all.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">The market has spoken, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TheFemaleGreer?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@TheFemaleGreer<\/a>. We don&#39;t want what you&#39;re selling.<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Nm1LKaVM9m\">https:\/\/t.co\/Nm1LKaVM9m<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/transphobia?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#transphobia<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/terf?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#terf<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/feminism?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#feminism<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Aoife Is More Than 1 Metre From You (@flyingteacosy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/flyingteacosy\/status\/660063110141763584?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 30, 2015<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Similarly narrow in scope, we have\u00a0the following definition from\u00a0Paul Zachary Myers\u00a0[emphasis mine]:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Wingnuts really do not understand the concept of free speech at all. Revoking those appearances was not a denial of the right to free speech: free speech does not mean you are owed a high profile platform and a bullhorn to declare your position; it does not mean you are given big bucks to speak.<em> It means the government is not allowed to use its privilege and power to silence you.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>https:\/\/twitter.com\/FeedAtheism\/status\/555393484593823744<\/p>\n<p>Consider also\u00a0this\u00a0tidbit from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rawstory.com\/2013\/06\/a-refresher-course-on-what-constitutes-free-speech\/\" target=\"_blank\">Amanda Marcotte<\/a>\u00a0[italics in original]:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Free speech entitles you to:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Say what you want to without fear of government censorship or retribution.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">The freeze-peach brigade gets taught a lesson: Amanda Marcotte explains the obvious.   Free speech entitles yo&#8230; <a href=\"http:\/\/t.co\/Crj4xxsjCq\">http:\/\/t.co\/Crj4xxsjCq<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; PZ Myers \ud83d\udd77 (@pzmyers) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/pzmyers\/status\/343389824553713665?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 8, 2013<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>And finally, from social justice blogger Miri\u00a0Mogilevsky we have the following:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8230;the right to free speech\u2013and the rest of the First Amendment rights\u2013constitutes a restriction on the government, not on private individuals or institutions.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Free Speech: What it is, What it Isn&#39;t <a href=\"http:\/\/t.co\/R4hL6mIM\">http:\/\/t.co\/R4hL6mIM<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Miri Loves Leafies \ud83c\udf3b\ud83d\udc99\ud83d\udc9b (@LeafyMiri) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LeafyMiri\/status\/177395766862692354?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 7, 2012<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The tactical advantage to\u00a0taking such a narrow view of what constitutes free speech is that doing so makes it easy to justify any non-governmental efforts to shut down undesirable\u00a0speech. For example, social justice activist Sam Ambreen sincerely believes it is her moral duty to\u00a0shut down the speech of outspoken atheist activists\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.atheistrev.com\/2016\/02\/the-no-platforming-of-richard-dawkins.html\" target=\"_blank\">Richard Dawkins<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Tatchell#Free_speech\" target=\"_blank\">Peter Tatchell<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maryam_Namazie#cite_ref-WAC_26-3\" target=\"_blank\">Maryam Namazie<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/twitter.com\/HamHambreen\/status\/710152943161495553<\/p>\n<p>Since Sam is not part of the government, those who adhere\u00a0to the narrow conception of free speech\u00a0cannot criticize her no-platforming efforts on free speech grounds.<\/p>\n<p>The narrow view of free speech makes it impossible to criticize\u2014on speech grounds\u2014any of the\u00a0following activities so long as they are carried out by non-governmental individuals or groups: no-platforming campaigns;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/politics\/2016-election\/how-bernie-sanders-supporters-shut-down-donald-trump-s-rally-n537191\" target=\"_blank\">shutting down<\/a>\u00a0political\u00a0rallies;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2016\/03\/19\/politics\/donald-trump-arizona-joe-arpaio\/\" target=\"_blank\">blocking roads<\/a> to interfere with political rallies;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/freethoughtblogs.com\/butterfliesandwheels\/2013\/01\/loop-loop-loop-loop\/#comment-433765\">threatening vandalism and harassment<\/a>\u00a0to instill fear in opponents;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jihadwatch.org\/2007\/04\/pennsylvania-imam-fouad-elbayly-ayaan-hirsi-ali-should-be-put-to-death\" target=\"_blank\">death threats<\/a> against outspoken\u00a0apostates; inciting, threatening, or committing\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.salon.com\/2015\/01\/11\/7_cartoonists_who_have_faced_violence_and_threats_for_their_work\/\" target=\"_blank\">violence against cartoonists<\/a>;\u00a0and even\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attacks_on_secularists_in_Bangladesh#Victims\">murdering atheist bloggers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In reality, every last one of these actions taken by non-government actors\u00a0is deliberately designed to have a\u00a0chilling effect on speech; many go well beyond chilling. To say that such things\u00a0don&#8217;t effect freedom of speech is to take an exceedingly narrow view of why we require\u00a0free speech in a free\u00a0and open society.<\/p>\n<h4>The Broad View<\/h4>\n<p>Thankfully, there are plenty of freethinkers left\u00a0who understand that the underlying rationale for\u00a0an open marketplace of ideas applies to both governments and private citizens alike.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/twitter.com\/peterboghossian\/status\/711270444586946560<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Feminist, left, Muslim &amp; human rights activists protest NUS no-platform policy &amp; defend free speech <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/sunny_hundal?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@sunny_hundal<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/6pGJoq59Ua\">pic.twitter.com\/6pGJoq59Ua<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Peter Tatchell (@PeterTatchell) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PeterTatchell\/status\/710565706958512131?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 17, 2016<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">On free speech for the people we don&#39;t want to stand with &#8211; ICYMI: <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/QKKwofTYhC\">https:\/\/t.co\/QKKwofTYhC<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Russell Blackford (@Metamagician) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Metamagician\/status\/689347405477588992?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 19, 2016<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The argument, in a nutshell, runs something like\u00a0this: If\u00a0we clear away the various barriers put up\u00a0against the free exchange of ideas\u2014whether by\u00a0government or non-government actors\u2014then our ideas will be forced to compete on merit. In a truly free marketplace of ideas, the good will drive out the bad over the long run. There is therefore\u00a0no need to resort to shutting down speech, whether by force or by other means.<\/p>\n<p>Your thoughts?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last night, former SINner Russell Blackford had a poke at Western society for failing to coalesce\u00a0around a unifying concept of&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-free-speech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3814\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skepticink.com\/backgroundprobability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}